The security of artificial intelligence (AI) is an important research area towards safe, reliable, and trustworthy AI systems. To accelerate the research on AI security, the Artificial Intelligence Security Competition (AISC) was organized by the Zhongguancun Laboratory, China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Tsinghua University, and RealAI as part of the Zhongguancun International Frontier Technology Innovation Competition (https://www.zgc-aisc.com/en). The competition consists of three tracks, including Deepfake Security Competition, Autonomous Driving Security Competition, and Face Recognition Security Competition. This report will introduce the competition rules of these three tracks and the solutions of top-ranking teams in each track.
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Graph neural networks have achieved significant success in representation learning. However, the performance gains come at a cost; acquiring comprehensive labeled data for training can be prohibitively expensive. Active learning mitigates this issue by searching the unexplored data space and prioritizing the selection of data to maximize model's performance gain. In this paper, we propose a novel method SMARTQUERY, a framework to learn a graph neural network with very few labeled nodes using a hybrid uncertainty reduction function. This is achieved using two key steps: (a) design a multi-stage active graph learning framework by exploiting diverse explicit graph information and (b) introduce label propagation to efficiently exploit known labels to assess the implicit embedding information. Using a comprehensive set of experiments on three network datasets, we demonstrate the competitive performance of our method against state-of-the-arts on very few labeled data (up to 5 labeled nodes per class).
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Robotic force-based compliance control is a preferred approach to achieve high-precision assembly tasks. When the geometric features of assembly objects are asymmetric or irregular, reinforcement learning (RL) agents are gradually incorporated into the compliance controller to adapt to complex force-pose mapping which is hard to model analytically. Since force-pose mapping is strongly dependent on geometric features, a compliance controller is only optimal for current geometric features. To reduce the learning cost of assembly objects with different geometric features, this paper is devoted to answering how to reconfigure existing controllers for new assembly objects with different geometric features. In this paper, model-based parameters are first reconfigured based on the proposed Equivalent Theory of Compliance Law (ETCL). Then the RL agent is transferred based on the proposed Weighted Dimensional Policy Distillation (WDPD) method. The experiment results demonstrate that the control reconfiguration method costs less time and achieves better control performance, which confirms the validity of proposed methods.
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Deep learning methods have contributed substantially to the rapid advancement of medical image segmentation, the quality of which relies on the suitable design of loss functions. Popular loss functions, including the cross-entropy and dice losses, often fall short of boundary detection, thereby limiting high-resolution downstream applications such as automated diagnoses and procedures. We developed a novel loss function that is tailored to reflect the boundary information to enhance the boundary detection. As the contrast between segmentation and background regions along the classification boundary naturally induces heterogeneity over the pixels, we propose the piece-wise two-sample t-test augmented (PTA) loss that is infused with the statistical test for such heterogeneity. We demonstrate the improved boundary detection power of the PTA loss compared to benchmark losses without a t-test component.
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本文探讨了管状结构提取任务的点集表示。与传统的掩码表示相比，点集表示享有其灵活性和表示能力，这不会受到固定网格作为掩模的限制。受此启发，我们提出了PointCatter，这是管状结构提取任务的分割模型的替代方法。PointCatter将图像分为散射区域，并对每个散点区域预测点。我们进一步提出了基于贪婪的区域的两分匹配算法，以端到端训练网络。我们在四个公共管状数据集上基准测试了点刻表，并且有关管状结构分割和中心线提取任务的广泛实验证明了我们方法的有效性。代码可在https://github.com/zhangzhao2022/pointscatter上找到。
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大量证据表明，深神经网络（DNN）容易受到后门攻击的影响，这激发了后门检测方法的发展。现有的后门检测方法通常是针对具有单个特定类型（例如基于补丁或基于扰动）的后门攻击而定制的。但是，在实践中，对手可能会产生多种类型的后门攻击，这挑战了当前的检测策略。基于以下事实：对抗性扰动与触发模式高度相关，本文提出了自适应扰动生成（APG）框架，以通过自适应注射对抗性扰动来检测多种类型的后门攻击。由于不同的触发模式在相同的对抗扰动下显示出高度多样的行为，因此我们首先设计了全球到本地策略，以通过调整攻击的区域和预算来适应多种类型的后门触发器。为了进一步提高扰动注入的效率，我们引入了梯度引导的掩模生成策略，以寻找最佳区域以进行对抗攻击。在多个数据集（CIFAR-10，GTSRB，Tiny-Imagenet）上进行的广泛实验表明，我们的方法以大幅度优于最先进的基线（+12％）。
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非接触式粒子操纵（NPM）技术将人类的分析能力大大扩展到了微观和纳米量表，这反过来又大大促进了材料科学和生命科学的发展。尽管从机器人的角度来看，通过电力，磁性和光场取得了巨大的成功，但它仍然是劳动密集型操作，因为在早期准备阶段，专业人力援助以某种方式是强制性的。因此，出现运动颗粒的自动非接触夹捕获是值得的，特别是对于粒子样品罕见，脆弱或接触敏感的应用。利用最新的动态声场调节技术，尤其是通过从微尺度到亚中心尺度的声学操纵的巨大可扩展性，我们提出了一个自动化的非接触式微粒诱捕，该非接触式捕获具有超声梯级系统和显微镜系统和显微镜系统的移动微粒本文的视觉。据我们所知，这项工作的主要贡献是首次通过诉诸机器人方法来实现声学NPM场中完全自动化的微颗粒捕获。简而言之，通过参考其计算和生成的声学陷阱区域来观察并通过双眼微观视觉系统观察并预测粒子的移动状态。在这项工作中，非连接机器人最终效应器的手眼关系问题也解决了。实验证明了这项工作的有效性。
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动机：癌症是异质的，影响了个性化治疗的精确方法。准确的亚型可以导致癌症患者的生存率更好。高通量技术为癌症亚型提供了多个OMIC数据。但是，由于OMICS数据的大量和高维度，精确的癌症亚型仍然具有挑战性。结果：这项研究提出了基于MLP和变压器块的深度学习方法拟议的亚型形式，以提取多摩学数据的低维表示。 K-均值和共识聚类也用于获得准确的亚型结果。我们比较了TCGA 10癌症类型的其他最先进的亚型方法。我们发现，基于生存分析，亚型形式可以在5000多个肿瘤的基准数据集上表现更好。此外，亚型形式还取得了泛滥亚型的出色结果，这可以帮助分析分子水平上各种癌症类型的共同点和差异。最后，我们将亚型格式应用于TCGA 10类型的癌症。我们确定了50种基本生物标志物，可用于研究靶向癌症药物并促进精密医学时代的癌症治疗。
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由于类间的相似性和注释歧义，嘈杂的标签面部表达识别（FER）比传统的嘈杂标签分类任务更具挑战性。最近的作品主要通过过滤大量损坏样本来解决此问题。在本文中，我们从新功能学习的角度探索了嘈杂的标签。我们发现，FER模型通过专注于可以认为与嘈杂标签相关的一部分来记住嘈杂的样本，而不是从导致潜在真理的整个功能中学习。受到的启发，我们提出了一种新颖的擦除注意力一致性（EAC）方法，以自动抑制嘈杂的样品。具体而言，我们首先利用面部图像的翻转语义一致性来设计不平衡的框架。然后，我们随机删除输入图像，并使用翻转注意一致性，以防止模型专注于部分特征。 EAC明显优于最先进的嘈杂标签方法，并将其概括地概括为其他类似CIFAR100和Tiny-Imagenet等类别的任务。该代码可在https://github.com/zyh-uaiaaaa/erasing-prestention-consistency中获得。
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作为自然语言处理领域的后起之秀，在各行各业中，问答系统（问答系统）被广泛使用。与其他方案相比，在Q＆A系统的可追溯性和解释性方面，财务方案的应用程序有很强的要求。此外，由于对人工智能技术的需求已从最初的计算智能转变为认知智能，因此这项研究主要集中于财务数值推理数据集-FinQA。在共享任务中，目标是根据包含文本和表的给定财务报告生成推理程序和最终答案。我们使用基于Deberta预训练的语言模型的方法，并采用其他优化方法，包括在此基础上进行多模型融合，训练集组合。我们最终获得了68.99的执行精度和64.53的程序精度，在2022 FinQA挑战中排名第4。
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